Marine propeller.



I PATENTBD OCT. 27, 1903.

c. A. MANKER. I MARINE PROPELLER. APPLICATION PILED JAN. 15, 1902.

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NO MODEL.

INVENTOH W/ TNESSES:

NO. 742,693. Patented October 27, 1903.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE.

CAREY ALAN MANKER, OF PEARL, ILLINOIS.

MARINE PR-OPELLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 742,693, dated October27, 1903.

Application filed January 15,1902. $erial No. 89,879. (No model.) A

keyed upon the horizontal propeller-shaft proper, 6. The said shaft isjournaled at its ends in the outer pendent hangers 1 and also in thehorizontal tubular extension 2 of the central-hanger2. As shown *in Fig.1, such extension 2 is, in journal-box forthe gears 4 5 and shaft 6. Thepropellers proper are mounted on, the shaft 6 at points intermediate ofthe hangers 1 l and 2. The main feature of the propellers is a series ofblades 7, which extend horizontally on opposite sides of circular platesor disks 8, that are arranged-radially to the shaft 6 and whichpreferably form in part at least an integral portion thereof-that is tosay, the main portion of the plate or disk 8 is constructed integrallywith the shaft 6 and provided with'recess'es or grooves'adapted toreceive gears and shafts forming the mechanism required forv feathering:the blades 7 or for adjusting them at different angles as they revolvearound; a central axis 6. As showntin Fig. 3,zfonr blades.7 areemployed, the samelbeing arranged equidistantly around the radial diskor plate 8. A cap or cover 8 (see Fig. 2) may be applied. to. cover themechanism by which the angle of the blades is adjusted, such part 8'forming thus practically a structural part of the disk 8. The blades 7are arranged in pairs 'anddirectly opposite each other, being-connectedby a shaft 9, which passes transversely through the disk Sand its cap 8.On each of the several shafts 9, which thus connect two opposite blades,is keyed a pinionlO. T (See Figs. 2-and 3.) Practically these pinionsare so constructed as to be adapted to engage a worm 11, forming part ofor keyed upon the several radial shafts 12. The latter are journaled attheir outer ends in the disk 8 and at their inner ends'in the hub formedon the shaft 6. Thus a shaft 12 extends radially from the propellershaft6 to.-eac h of the shafts 9, connecting'a pair of blades 7. On the innerends of shafts 12 are mounted elon gated spur-pinions 13, which engagepins 15, (see Fig. 5,) arranged on the face of a cam wheel or disk 16.The latter is formed or .keyed upon the inner end of .a long sleeve 17,which extends from each disk 8 to the adjacent hanger 1 and whose outerend is provided with a worm-pinion 18, with which a worm To all whom itmay concern.-

Be it known that I, CAREYALAN MANKER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Pearl, in the county of Pike and State of Illinois,have made certain new and useful Inn's provements in Marine Propellers,of which the following is a specification.

It is the object ofmyinventionto provide an improvement in that class ofpropellers in which feathering-blades are employedthat is to say, bladesadapted to assumevarying angles to the mobile fluid as they revolve.

My propeller is primarily intended for use in marine propulsion; but itmay be employed in aerial navigation under certain conditions.

The features of construction, arrangement, combination, and operation ofparts embodying the invention are as hereinafter described, andspecifically indicated in the claims, reference being had toaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an end view of a boatwith-my improved propeller attached, a portion ofthe latter being shownin section. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the propelling apparatus. Fig. 3 is in part a side view and in part a section of aportion of the propelling apparatus. Fig. 4 is a transverse section onthe line 4 4: of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a face view of the cam-wheel by whichthe angles of the propelling-blades are changed. Fig.6 is a diagrammaticview illustrating the positions assumed by the propelling-blades intheir revolution around a central axis.

My improved propelling mechanism is attached to the under side of aboat, which is preferably constructed fiat to adapt it torise easilyupon the surface of the water. In case my improved'propeller is appliedfor aerial navigation it will be understood that an aeroplane willoccupy the place of the boat; The propeller proper is supported by twoouter hangers 1, whose upper ends 1 (see Fig. 2) are extended andsuitably constructed to adapt them to be firmly bolted to the boat X andby a central hanger 2, which is tubular to adapt it to receive adriving-shaft 3. The latter extends into the interior of the boat orabove the same, as the case may be, and is connected with a suitablemotor. On' the lower end which meshes with of the shaft 3 is abevel-gear 4, the corresponding gear 5,

efiect, a tubular boxing and 19 engages, as shown in Fig. 4. This wormis fixed on a vertical shaft 20, that in practice extends up through thebottom of the boat, and is provided with means for rotating it, asrequired, to change the inclination or angle of the blades '7.

As shown in Fig. 5, the teeth 15 of the wheel 16 are seteccentricallythat is to say, they are so arranged as to form practicallyan oval-a portion of them being set nearer the center of the wheel thanits periphery. For convenience of description the member 16, providedwith teeth 15, will be hereinafter termed the cam. This cam is fixed inposition while the propeller operates; but it may be shifted around theaxis 6 while the propeller is in operation, if desired. It is bothshifted and locked in position by means of the worm 19 and the shaft 20.It is apparent that, owing to the eccentric position of the teeth 15 ofthe cam, the worm-shafts 12 will be rotated at greater speed during apart of the revolution of the propellers than during the remainingportion of the same. The shafts 9, connecting the opposite blades '7,are attached to the latter at a point slightly removed from the centerof their inner ends, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

From the foregoing description the operation of the propeller as a wholemay now be understood. When the shaft 2 is driven, it is obvious thepropellers will be revolved bodily aroun d the central axis 6 and thatby reason of the pinions 13 of the radial worm-shafts 12 engaging theteeth of the fixed cam 16 and worm-pinions 10 on the blade-shafts 9 theblades themselves will also be rotated on their own axes at the sametime they are carried bodily around the axis 6. In other words, theblades 7 have practically a planetary motion. In a sense the blades 7 donot rotate; but by reason of the eccentric position of the teeth of cam16 they have an accelerated and retarded motion in the course of eachrevolution. By such acceleration and retardation the blades are causedto assume difierent angles to the horizontal in the course of eachrevolution. The different positions or angles assumed are representeddiagrammatically in Fig. 6, where the dotted lines joining the severalgroups of figures 9 9, 9 9, and 10 10 indicate the blades. Thus as thepropellers are revolved the blades on the front or descending sideimpinge on the water or air, so as to have both a lifting and propellingeffect, while the rear or pendent blades come up at an increased angle,so as to allow an impingement of the mobile medium under or againsttheir under surfaces.

In this I claim that there is a lifting actioneven when the bladesascend, as well as when descending, and involving the principle ofcounter leverage. weight is, however,

borne by the descending blades according to the power utilized, and

since in practice the under surface of the upward inclination to boat Xwill be at an The preponderance of 1 the horizontal it will tend to rideup on the mobile medium, and this tendency will be increasedcorrespondingly to the power applied and the consequent rapidity ofpropulsion. It will be understood that through the medium oftheWorm-shaft 20 the sleeve 17 and cam 16 will be so adjusted around thepropeller-shaft 6 as to. vary the angles of the blades 7 in theirascending and descending relations. This angle may be such that thelifting action of the blade 7 will be applied entirely upon thedescending stroke, the blades being so adjusted on the ascending side asto ofier minimum resistance to the water.

It is to be understood that -the means for adjusting the angles of theblades 7 permits them to be so positioned or placed as to propel theboat in the reverse direction or backward when the rotation of the shaft6 is reversed.

What I claim is- 1. An improved propelling mechanism comprising acentral horizontal shaft, and rotatable blade-carrier mounted thereon,blades journaled in said carrier, means for rotating them on their axesas they revolve bodily around the shaft, whereby their angles are variedas required, and means for retarding or accelerating the velocity ofrotation of the blades in their downward movement as compared with theirupward movement, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a propeller of the class described, the combination with a centralshaft and a carrier mounted at right angles thereto, of blades extendinglaterally from such carrier and having worm-pinions on their axes, andradial worm-shafts engaging such pinions and having elongatedspur-pinions on theirinner ends, and a cam having a series of teetharranged eccentrically and adapted to engage the spurpinions, as shownand described.

3. In a propeller of the class described, the combination, with arotatable shaft arranged horizontally, and a disk or rigid blade-carrierarranged at right angles thereto and revolving with the same, of aseries of propellingblades projecting laterally from such carrier, acam-wheel having teeth set eccentrically and mounted rotatably upon thecentral shaft, radial shafts and other gearing whereby the said cam isoperatively connected with the blade-shafts, and means for adjusting thecam around the shaft, for varying the angles of the blades while bodilyrotating around the shaft, substantially as shown and described.

4. The improved propeller comprising the central horizontal shaft,blade-carriers fixed thereon and revolving therewith, propellingbladesarranged in pairs opposite each other and connected by axes passingtransversely through the said carrier, worm pinnions mounted on suchaxes, a series of worm-shafts extending radially from the central shaftto the axes of the blades and provided with the worm and spur-pinion attheir opposite ends, a cam-wheel having teeth set eccentrically andengaging the spur-pinions, and means for adjusting such cam around theshaft, as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, with'a boat-hull or equivalent having asubstantially flat bottom, of hangers attached thereto and pendenttherefrom,a horizontal shaftjournaled in said hangers, a central shaftprojecting through the bottom of v the hull and operatively connectedwith the transverse shaft, and propellers mounted on said shaft andbodily rotatable therewith and also rotating upon theirown axes, thesaid propellers comprising substantially a series of pairs of blades, acarrier mounted on the transverse shaft at right angles thereto, andmeans for varying the angles of the blades while being bodily revolved,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, aswell as to five plates of drawings herewith, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CAREY ALAN MANKER.

Witnesses:

SCOTT MOORE, B. HEAVNER.

